Psychometric Testing
Intelligence/Developmental Tests
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Bayley Scales of Infant Development, Third Edition
(Bayley-III) – The Bayley-III contains motor, cognitive,
behavior, social-emotional, and adaptive subscales. The most commonly given
subscales are the cognitive, language, and motor subscales. The Bayley-III
can also be used with older children (up to 42 months) who have severe
delays. The cognitive subscale of the Bayley-III is not meant to be a solid
indicator of IQ, although it has a correlation with later intelligence
scores.
- Age Range: 1 month–42 months
- Completion Time: 30–90 minutes (depending upon age
and developmental level of
child)
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Differential Ability Scales, Second Edition
(DAS-II) – The DAS-II is an individually administered
assessment of cognitive abilities that are closely tied to learning. The
individual subtests can be relatively quick to administer. The DAS-II
correlates well with other intelligence tests.
- Age Range: 2 years, 6 months–17 years, 11 months
- Completion Time: 45–60 minutes (core battery); 30
minutes (diagnostic subtests)
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Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of
Intelligence, Fourth Edition (WPPSI-IV) – The WPPSI-IV is used
with younger children. The full-scale score is comprised of verbal
comprehension, visual spatial, and working memory index scores for children
2–3 years old; verbal comprehension, visual spatial, fluid reasoning,
working memory, and processing speed index scores for children 4–7 years
old.
- Age Range: 2 years, 6 months–7 years, 7 months
- Completion Time: 30–60 minutes (depending upon age
of child)
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Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children, Fifth
Edition (WISC-V) – The WISC-V full-scale IQ score is comprised
of the following index scores: verbal comprehension, visual spatial, fluid
reasoning, working memory, and processing speed.
- Age Range: 6–16 years
- Completion Time: 60
minutes
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Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale, Fourth Edition
(WAIS-IV) – The WAIS-IV full-scale IQ score is comprised of
the following index scores: verbal comprehension, perceptual reasoning,
working memory, and processing speed.
- Age Range: 16 years–adulthood
- Completion Time: 60–90 minutes for core subtests
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Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale, Fifth Edition
(SB5) - The SB5 has a scoring system similar to that of the
Wechsler Tests and a "lower floor," improving the clinician's ability to
assess individuals who may be lower functioning. There are five factors of
cognitive ability examined by the SB5: fluid reasoning, knowledge,
quantitative reasoning, visual-spatial processing, and working memory.
- Ages: 2 years–adulthood
- Completion Time: 5 minutes per
subtest
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Leiter International Performance Scale, Third
Edition (Leiter-3) – The Leiter-3 is a nonverbal test of
cognitive, attentional, and neuropsychological abilities. It is helpful in
assessing individuals with communication and other developmental delays.
- Ages: 3 years–adulthood
- Completion Time: 20–45
minutes
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NEPSY, Second Edition (NEPSY-II) – The
NEPSY-II is a developmental neuropsychological assessment. It provides a
comprehensive picture of a child's neuropsychological status, which
encompasses domains such as attention and executive functioning, language,
memory and learning, sensorimotor, social perception, and visuospatial
processing, as well as behavioral observations.
- Age Range: 3–16 years
- Completion Time: 45 minutes–3 hours (depending upon age of child and assessment given)
Adaptive Tests
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Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scale, Third Edition
(Vineland–3) - The Vineland-3 includes a structured interview
with caregivers, and a questionnaire for caregivers and teachers. The
Vineland-3 is designed for individuals with and without disabilities. It
examines major areas of adaptive living including: socialization,
communication, daily living skills, motor skills, and maladaptive behaviors.
- Age Range: Birth–Adulthood
- Completion Time: 20 minutes–90 minutes (depending
upon form given)
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Adaptive Behavior Assessment System, Third Edition
(ABAS-3) – The ABAS-3 assesses the overall adaptive skills in
several domains of everyday living including communication, community use,
functional academics, health and safety, home or school living, leisure,
self-care, self-direction, social, work, and, motor. The behavior rating
scale is typically completed by a parent, caregiver, and/or teacher.
- Age Range: Birth–Adulthood
- Completion Time: 15–20 minutes
Achievement Tests
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Woodcock-Johnson IV Tests of Achievement, Fourth
Edition (WJ-IV) – The WJ-IV measures current academic
achievement across several major areas including reading, math, and written
language. The WJ-IV uses broad cluster scores that take into account basic
skills, fluency, and application. Results of the WJ-IV can be used to
identify learning disabilities and specific skill deficits.
- Age Range: 2 years–Adulthood
- Completion Time: 5 minutes per
subtest
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Wechsler Individualized Achievement Test, Third
Edition (WIAT-III) – The WIAT-III measures current academic
achievement across several major ability areas. Results of the WIAT-III can
be used to identify learning disabilities and specific skill deficits when
compared to tests of overall ability (i.e., IQ testing). The WIAT-III comes
in an analog or computer platform. There are 16 subtest that measure nuanced
aspects of oral reading, math fluency and early reading skills, listening
comprehension, oral expression, written expression, reading comprehension,
and others.
- Age Range: 4–50 years
- Completion Time: Varies by grade level and number
of subtests
administered
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Wide Range Achievement Test – 5 (WRAT-5)
– The WRAT-5 measures current academic achievement across several major
ability areas including reading, math, and written language. The WRAT-5 has
a shorter test time, with less subtests when compared to other achievements
measures, such as the WJ-III and WIAT-II. Results of the WRAT-5 can be used
to identify learning disabilities and specific skill deficits when compared
to test of overall ability (i.e., IQ testing). The WRAT-5 is not generally
an accepted measure to qualify a child for an Individualized Education
Program (IEP) in the school setting under the classification of Specific
Learning Disability.
- Age Range: 5 years–adulthood
- Completion Time: 15-25 minutes (ages 5–7); 35–45 minutes (ages 8 and up)
Socio-Emotional/Behavioral Tests
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Conners Comprehensive Behavior Rating Scales
(CBRS) – The CBRS is an assessment that obtains a rater’s
perceptions about a wide range of childhood behaviors. The CBRS may aid in
investigating an assortment of childhood disorders and problem behaviors,
which can be helpful with diagnosis and treatment. Higher scores mean more
symptom presence, or more difficulty in the respective area, typically with
resulting impairment in functioning.
- Age Range: 6–18 years
- Completion Time: 20
minutes
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Conners 3rd Edition (Conners 3) – The
Conners 3 gathers parent’s ratings of their child’s behavior at home and
teacher observations of the child’s behavior at school. It primarily
assesses for behaviors related to ADHD and common co-morbid disorders.
Results are often used to guide diagnosis and treatment decisions. Higher
scores mean more symptom presence or more difficulty in the respective area,
typically with resulting impairment in functioning.
- Age Range: 6–18 years
- Completion Time: 20
minutes
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Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) – The
CBCL is a checklist that can be filled out by parents, teachers, or self.
Forms include a preschool, school age, and adult form. The CBCL examines
several psychological issues that often lead to maladaptive functioning
(i.e., anxiety, depression).
- Age Range: 6–18 years
- Completion Time: 30-40
minutes
-
Behavior Assessment System for Children, Third
Edition (BASC-3) - The BASC-3 obtains parent, teacher, and
self-perceptions of an individual’s behaviors as related to behavioral and
emotional concerns. The BASC-3 has several scores for psychological issues
that may impair functioning such as hyperactivity, aggression, anxiety,
depression, withdrawal, attention problems, and others. It also has a
section that assesses adaptive skills.
- Age Range: 2–21 years
- Completion Time: 10-30 minutes
Resources
Information & Support
For Professionals
Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics (AAP)
Information for professionals interested in child development and behavior. Contains practice management resources, upcoming
educational events, relevant policy statements, and high-quality links; American Academy of Pediatrics.
American Psychological Association (APA)
APA is the leading scientific and professional organization representing psychology in the United States. Their website www.apa.org
provides information to the general public on a variety of topics.
Helpful Articles
Tate R.
A Compendium of Tests, Scales and Questionnaires.
London, England: Psychology Press;
2010.
978-1-84169-561-7 http://www.compendium-of-scales.com/index.htm
A reference with an extensive selection of instruments developed to measure a range of neurological conditions, both progressive
and non-progressive. Includes established instruments as well as newly developed scales.